Gallipoli - the movie Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Gallipoli - the movie - Essay Example However, this battle just marked a beginning of a stream of others at different battlefields such as within Belgium and France. The historical World War 1 broke in the year 1914 with two, main opposing alliances of nations. By the fact that Austria was a member to the British Empire, most Australians supported the battle of land. Many Australian men volunteered to fight the war in support of the Britain and were ferried overseas for training the British side opted to support Russia in order to defeat Turkey through which they would be in a position to weaken Germany (Commonwealth of Australia, 2005 p. 1-2). Through this, the trainees interacted with other cultures and thus learnt to appreciate diversity. During the World War 1, April 25 of 1915 marked a memorable occurrence when the troops of Australia were deployed to the peninsula of Gallipoli in order to secure it strategically for the ease of taking victory from their counters who also eyed the battle field. The site was importan t for the battle as it commanded good way for supplies through the sea and also as attacking points with the security of rocky cliffs and long range of viewership. The battle at Gallipoli is interpreted to have given the people of Australia a chance to come out for the world to note on her morals and honor, and to display her sovereignty as an independent state. It is sure that the battle at Gallipoli stuck to the history of this country, not only to the relatives that lost their loved ones but also to the country as a whole; for through the war and the campaign, the young Australian men were presented with a rare opportunity to showcase their patriotism, a chance that would have never been provided. As depicted from the movie, the young men got a chance to travel wide and far and interact with various cultures different from their indigenous one. The movie, which was done for a reminder of the historic war serves to remind the people of the strong will, the bond of fraternity as we ll as the thrilling strength with which the men fought for defense of their national heritage; their land. The young men fought relentlessly even when nothing else faced them but death, they would not turn back. Together with thousands of other strong willed soldiers, thousands of young men surrendered their lives for the sake of patriotism. Though with bitter memories of pain and loss, the name Gallipoli as adopted and used by the Australians means pride, honor as well as glory of the many young men who surrendered their lives for the sake of future generations in Australia. As historians reveal, the sheer horror that faced the Australian at Gallipoli, their spirit in determination would not stop them from their mission; standing for their nation (Anon, nd, p.2). Therefore, these along others formed the basis through which the social benefits emanating from the war are persistently seen many years after the horror. Australia underwent through major reforms within the period of 1980 to 1990. The major thematic provisions of the movie as set in the 1980s are the development of a country which innocence is evident through the setting of early 1900 before and during the World War 1. The coming of age of the country is seen through the depicted imagery of the gradual loss of innocence of the Australian soldiers who

Coca Cola vs. Pepsi Cola Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Coca Cola vs. Pepsi Cola - Research Paper Example The Company recognizes the cost of postretirement benefits, which consist principally of medical benefits, during employees’ periods of active service. The Coca-Cola Co. is adopting a cash-balance pension plan for new and current employees. Under the cash-balance plan design, employees will receive annual age-heighted credits equal to a percentage of pay. Those credits will start at 3 percent of pay and increase with age. Employees’ cash-balance plan accounts also will be credited with interest. Coca-Cola’s move to a cash-balance plan comes at a time when many major employers are phasing out their defined-benefit plans and offering only defined-contribution plans. But Coca-Cola executives rejected such an approach. Coca-Cola, which last year reported $31.9 billion in operating revenue—up from $28.9 billion in 2007—is the third major employer to adopt a cash-balance plan since 2006, when Congress passed the Pension Protection Act. On the other hand a pension from PepsiCo is an important benefit that can help employees make the most of their retirement years. Add Social Security, any benefits payable from other PepsiCo plans as well as personal savings, and employees have the formula for a sound financial future. To be eligible to participate in a PepsiCo pension plan, one must be either a full-time employee or a part-time employee working at least 1,000 hours in a year at PepsiCo or a subsidiary of PepsiCo that sponsors the plan. The best part about Pepsi’s pension benefit is that it is provided to employees at no cost. Employees do not have to contribute any of their current compensation to receive a pension. There are no payroll deductions from their pay check and there are no out-of-pocket costs to pay. PepsiCo contributes amounts on employee’s behalf to the Plan for their exclusive benefit in accordance with Federal tax law. Measurement of Pension Costs and Obligations The determination of pension costs and ob ligations is based on the attribution of pension benefits to periods of employee service and the use of actuarial assumptions to calculate the present value of such benefits. Actuarial assumptions reflect the time value of money and the probability of payment. The following three key economic assumptions determine pension costs: The discount rate The salary scale The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets Pepsi’s Annual pension and retiree medical expense amounts are principally based on following components: (1) the value of benefits earned by employees for working during the year (service cost), (2) increase in the liability due to the passage of time (interest cost), and (3) other gains and losses as discussed below, reduced by (4) expected return on plan assets for their funded plans. Significant assumptions used to measure Pepsi’s annual pension and retiree medical expense include: the interest rate used to determine the present value of liabilities (dis count rate); certain employee-related factors, such as turnover, retirement age and mortality; for pension expense, the expected return on assets in their funded plans and the rate of salary

The Revised Blooms Taxonomy Tool

The Revised Blooms Taxonomy Tool For the twenty first century the requirements of kinds of learning is different than previous century. There is a need for all students, not just a select few, to develop their abilities to think, solve problems and become independent learners (Bruer, 1993; CTGV, 1997; Resnick Resnick, 1991). Course objectives or Curriculum consists of the knowledge and skills in subject matter areas that teachers teach and students are supposed to learn (Pallegrino, 2002). Course objectives describe what learners will be able to do after a particular learning experience. Articulated course objectives make students and educators aware of the learning expectations and teaching goals, respectively. For any course, learning objectives should not only list the topics that students will learn, but also the expected cognitive levels for each of the topics. Through instruction teachers apply different methods of teaching and the learning activities to help students master the content and objectives specified by curriculum. By applying summative and formative assessments teachers and learners both able to measure the outcomes of education and the achievement with regard to important competencies. The course objectives, the learning activities and the assessments used to measure the achievement of the intended learning outcomes are intricately related and connected to each other (Cohen, 1987; Wiggins, 1993). An assessment should measure what students are actually being taught and the cognitive level that is being intended to teach in course objectives. If any of the functions is not well synchronized, it will be misleading, or instruction will be ineffective (Pallegrino, 2002). Lack of alignment between course objectives and assessments is a major reason that students adopt a surface approach to learning rather than developing higher order cognitive skills. In an aligned system of instruction teachers needed to identify the appropriate verbs in the objectives and to embed those in the assessment tasks so that judgments can be made about how well a given students level of performance meets the objectives. As the teaching methods and the assessment tasks are accessed the same verbs as are in the objectives, the chances are increased that most students will engage with the appropriate learning activities (Biggs, 1999). There are several methods used to align course objectives and assessments based on the cognitive level. Benjamin S. Bloom was one of the first educators to realize the universality of a finite number of verbs across a variety of subject matters. He has built a framework for categorizing educational objectives in 1956 with the expectation to help to all teachers, administrators, professional specialists, and research worker to deal curricular and evaluation problems, which is widely known as Blooms taxonomy. The cognitive domain (Bloom, 1956) involves knowledge and the development of intellectual skills. This includes the recall or recognition of specific facts, procedural patterns, and concepts that serve in the development of intellectual abilities and skills. There are six major categories (Knowledge, Comprehension, Application, Analysis, Synthesis, and Evaluation) starting from the simplest to the most complex cognition (Bloom, 1956). The categories can be thought of as degrees of difficulties. That is, the first one must be mastered before the next one can take place. Some course objectives might address some verbs (identify, enumerate, describe, list, combine etc.) to develop lower levels of cognition that learners will learn a major ideas or procedure of a subject matter but ignores those verbs (justify, theorize, hy pothesize, reflect etc.) that helps learner to achieve the skills so that they can apply these to solve different problems in relevant domains. Course objectives would refer to at least relational levels of understanding, where learners are not only expected to know facts and information, but also to structure them in forms that by the end of professional training they should be able apply into unseen problems and domains. Blooms Taxonomy Tool has been successfully used in multiple studies to evaluate the cognitive levels of course objectives and of assessments. However, these studies are focused on courses for general stream students and no such evaluation is currently available for students with learning disabilities. The purpose of the current paper is to use the Revised Blooms Taxonomy (Anderson Krathwohl, 2001) Tool to study the alignment between the objective and assessment for courses attended by the students with learning disabilities in High School settings. Students with learning disabilities do not have a hearing or visual impairment, a physical disability, or below average intelligence. However, they demonstrate difficulties in the receptive language (listening, reading), language processing (thinking, conceptualizing, integrating), and expressive language (talking, spelling, writing), mathematical computations, self-esteem and social skills, sequencing, time management etc. By applying Revised Blooms Taxonomy (RBT) on course objectives and assessment the level of cognition can be determined by identifying the verbs and level of knowledge can be determined by identifying nouns used in their objectives and assessments. Verb defines the category and sub-category of the cognitive domain th at students have reached and the noun describes the category of knowledge (factual, conceptual, procedural, and metacognitive knowledge) they are being assessed. The overall goal of the project is to better understand the effects of the alignment between the cognitive levels of the course (English, math, and science) objectives designed for the students with learning disabilities at high school level and the assessment questions used to evaluate their performance. The objective of this study is firstly, to apply the Revised Blooms Taxonomy Tools to evaluate the alignment between the stated course objectives and the questions asked for assessment for different competencies of each course, that is the level of each course objectives that have being taught; and the level of cognitive complexity of assessment task that have being used, and secondly, to analyze students grade to investigate the association of Blooms level of an assessment question on their performance, that is the possible positive or negative correlation between level of assessment task to the level of performance will be analyzed and thirdly, to analyze students grade to investigate the impact of variation in assessment objective with course objective at a different Blooms level on students performance. This study may generate data indicative of perfect alignments or possible misalignments between the learning objectives and the assessment procedure in a course designed for the students with learning disabilities. This information will either confirm the existing strength in the design of a course to the teachers or the curriculum coordinators and provide support for sound strategies or on the contrary this information will aware about the possible alignment weaknesses in the design of a course to the teachers or the curriculum coordinators and facilitate the implementation of corrective measures towards the improvement and enrichment the course. Findings from this study will be useful to inform the teacher education programs to make teachers aware of the importance of maintaining curriculum coherence for efficient teaching and effective learning. As Lorin W. Anderson (2002) mentioned that proper curriculum alignment enables teachers to understand the differences in the effects of s chooling on student achievement and poorly aligned curriculum results underestimating the effect of instruction on learning. Furthermore, findings from this study might create an urge to producing an instructors guide to the course objectives with specific examples and active learning activities that can be used in class and aligned exam question banks that could be used for effective assessment purpose. Furthermore, researchers could generate suggestions if any modification is needed in relation to better reflect key principles of learning for students with learning disabilities.

William Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream Essay -- Shakespeare M

William Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream Shakespeare, in his "A Midsummer Night’s Dream," uses his characters to cast a sense of derision over the use of the imagination. â€Å"The lunatic, the lover and the poet† are thrown together all on one line, and it is implied that the latter two are as crazy as the first. (Midsummer Night’s Dream, V.1.7) Despite this seeming scorn for plays and their ilk, Shakespeare is implementing a strong irony. Characters who scorn the imagination are no more than imaginings themselves – and, by this, Shakespeare is actually reinforcing a positive image of plays of the imagination. Theseus’s denial of imagination’s worth reads more as apophasis than as any true refutation. Even as he scorns the poet for giving â€Å"airy nothing/ A local habitation and a name,† he vividly conjures images through metaphor. (V.1.18) Indeed, he is no more than an imagining named by a poet himself – which lends the writing further depth on multiple levels. On Shakespeare’s level, Theseus as a character lends himself well to irony; he is a sort of Fool in disguise. His witty wordplay and flowing metaphors are backed by his confidence that â€Å"such shaping fantasies†¦[are] more than cool reason ever comprehends.† (V.1.5) Theseus considers himself a creature of cool reason – and thus enters the irony, for he disbelieves his own existence. Only some of the audience may have understood the irony. Shakespeare’s plays had a wide audience, and both nobles and ‘groundlings’ – that is, peasants – attended. The playwright’s humor had to keep all classes entertained; the nobles because they sponsored the theater (and increased his fame), and the groundlings because their rotten fruit would otherwise voice their displea... ...inforces the positive image of plays which Shakespeare wishes to portray; that is, it shows that plays do matter, whether or not you believe they can affect the world – just as, in the play, magic does have a hand, whether or not its subjects believe in it. To strengthen his message, Shakespeare draws parallels between the cynical ‘voice of reason,’ Theseus, and the nobles in his intended audience. Thus, said nobles might see how little good Theseus’s cynicism ultimately did him, and that, as he was wrong in disbelieving in the fairies’ power over the lovers, he might be wrong in disbelieving the worth of imagination and plays, and their power over the world of cool reason. Works Cited Shakespeare, William. Edited: Barbara A. Mowat and Paul Werstine. A Midsummer Night's Dream. Folger Shakespeare Library ed. New York: Washington Square Press Drama, 1993.

Boeing Corporation Essay

From Boeing Corporate Structure (Chart 1), it shows Chairman, Executive President and Chief Executive Officer, which is represented by one individual to be responsible for Executive Vice President who also acts as Chief Financial Officer and is responsible for finance department while the president is responsible for International matter. Executive Vice President is also responsible and in charge of six other Senior Vice- Principals who in turn in charge of different departments such as law, business development and strategy, human resources and administration, communication, and internal governance. From the production management side, Boeing’s Business Development and Strategy is operating under two units, which are Boeing Commercial Airplanes and Boeing Integrated Defense Systems. Supporting these two units are Boeing Capital Corporation, Boeing Shared Services Group, and Engineering, Operations & Technology, Aircraft Financial Services and Space & Defense Financial Services. From Boeing Corporate Organizational Structure, it describes that the Aircraft Financial Services â€Å"assists commercial aircraft customers by arranging and structuring asset-based financing, managing technical assets, and providing a broad range of efficient financing solutions for Boeing Commercial Airplanes products and services†¦ provides expertise and product offerings include backstop commitments, operating leases, financing leases, sale/leasebacks, freighter conversion financing, long- and short-term financing, and senior and subordinated secured loans. Under the charge of its vice president and general manager, again the structure describes â€Å"Aircraft Financial Services works closely with Boeing Commercial Airplanes customers to develop aircraft financing solutions. Working with commercial financial institutions, the group is proactively engaged with the U. S. Export-Import Bank and other export credit agencies to ensure availability of adequate and reasonably priced financing for developing customers and regions. Aircraft Financial Services is playing an integral role, along with the Aviation Working Group, in improving the global aircraft financing infrastructure and ratifying the Cape Town Treaty, which will improve the legal framework for international asset-based aircraft financing. The group also is actively engaged to enhance and expand the capital markets. † The Space & Defense Financial Services, on the contrary, arranges and structures financing solutions for government and commercial customers around the world. Vice President of the financial corporation â€Å"and his group work closely with Boeing’s Integrated Defense Systems business unit to help arrange funding for satellites, military transports, tankers and rotorcraft. Specialized projects and programs include military-related products, international defense financing, private-public partnerships, project financing, launch vehicles, satellites and related space systems. † The value creation in the company’s capital business unit is based upon â€Å"discriminating financing solution† with a primary mission is to arrange, structure, and provide financial assistance for the sale and delivery of Boeing products and services to other business units. It also aggressively solicits and arranges third party financing for its customers as well as manages its finance and financial risk properly. Boeing recognizes the diverse and highly skilled workforces who have great contribution to its success and has led the company to lead the world as the â€Å"world’s second largest† commercial and defense aircrafts. The people culture represents a lifelong learning experience. The diversity of the people also determines the culture of the company, which is for some, it is refreshing. From human development perspective, Boeing provides an opportunity for its employees to improve their skills through company-paid tuition program, through Boeing Leadership Center, and a continuous learning through other programs outside the company so that employees can â€Å"pursue studies in unlimited fields and environments† According to Boeing, its success is driven by its â€Å"ability to provide our customers with the right solutions at the right time and the right cost,† more effective in addressing â€Å"future evolving requirements for capability-driven solutions,† and is able to further â€Å"improve execution, reduce organizational complexity, and improve competitiveness† for its customers. In its Philanthropy Report, Boeing claims its â€Å"commitment to being a good corporate citizen. In fact, good corporate citizenship is a core value of our company and is integral to the way we conduct business around the globe. In addition to this being a social imperative for us, we see improving the quality of life in communities where we live and work as a key element to remaining viable and vital in today’s global marketplace† (2). Executive members are engaging in the activity of several nonprofit organizations including in college and university while employees are engaging in volunteer activities and other community programs. The company continues expanding as it generates new innovations. With expansion, its capabilities and capacity also increase, from human resources development to â€Å"more efficient members of its commercial airplane family; integrating military platforms, defense systems and the war fighter through network-centric operations; creating advanced technology solutions; providing broadband connectivity on moving platforms including airplanes; and arranging innovative customer-financing solutions. † The company boasts of its management and leadership success in the field of commercial aircraft and integrated defense system. Its strategy is to provide â€Å"the right people for the right job, technologies, processes and performance at the right time and in the right place across the company worldwide. † And to take a leadership role by creating a primary supports to its business units through several organizational groups such as Phantom Works, Intellectual Property Management, and Information Technology, as well as in the Engineering, Operations, Quality, and Information Technology process councils. According to Boeing, â€Å"through all its activities, Engineering, Operations & Technology helps ensure the future success of Boeing by winning strategic new programs, providing innovative technology and process solutions, transforming Boeing into a global network-centric enterprise, enhancing and protecting the company’s intellectual capital, and fostering a culture of innovation. † Looking at its success, Boeing has had great strategies but the recent strategy of cost management has impacted the company, especially employees downsizing. This will eventually affected the company’s future performance as the second of the world’s leaders in aircraft industry. Expansion increases cost but one best thing is to keep its specialty. The only strategy I would suggest for Boeing to maintain its healthy organizational is to reduce its expansive activity, such as investor’s outreach program or realty activity, while maintaining its human resources. Corporate executives’ compensation should also be taken into consideration because no executives are successful without the employees.

Islamic Fashion

Islamic Fashion Objective Objective Islamic Fashion is actually covers wider scope. Each continent have different perspective on Islamic Fashion – culture influence Fashion always reflects women Muslimah Fashion Introduction vIt is important to distinguish between what Muslims wear and what has come to be defined in the literature and the market place as â€Å"Islamic fashion. † vWhat counts as Islamic or not is a matter of considerable debate amongst Muslims. vWhilst many consider modesty an important Islamic virtue, how this translates into particular styles of dress is highly variable. Some Muslims do not consider that their religiosity is linked to dress. They may be religiously committed but do not feel the need to express this outwardly through their choice of clothing. Annelies Moors and Emma Tarlo (2007) Islamic Fashion in African Islamic Fashion in Europe Islamic Fashion in Asia Islamic Fashion in Asia CORE GUIDANCE The IFF is guided by the following hadith i. e. that the use of a gentle, nurturing approach begets a stronger conviction: One of Prophet Mohammed’s friends, a gambler, wanted to convert to Islam because he loved the Prophet.So he asked the Prophet, â€Å"Can I become a Muslim? † To which the Prophet replied, â€Å"If you promise not to lie whenever you gamble or drink and own up to it, then you may†. And so he converted to Islam but kept drinking and gambling and each time he saw the Prophet and was asked what he was up to, he would own up to it. Until one day, he got to a point where he felt that he could not lie anymore to the Prophet and eventually he stopped gambling and drinking of his own accord without being force. VISION, MISSION & TAGLINE AMAEDAssociation of Muslim Apparel Entrepreneur & Designer THE BRANDING STRATEGY For a pioneering endeavour such as the IFF to create a presence and make an impact of global standards, it is crucial to adopt the right image or branding strategy. Taking a leaf ou t of the tried-and-tested approach of international designer brands, the IFF adopted a similar course to brand itself on a high-end scale. This would allow for easier transition to a scale that caters for the mass as compared to adopting the opposite approach. IFF GALLERYTHE JOURNEY CONTINUES The IFF has grown and developed exponentially since its debut showing at its home country venue of Kuala Lumpur in 2006 to Abu Dhabi, Astana, Bandung, Dubai, Singapore, New York, London and Monte Carlo, where a more liberal mode of dressing is preferred. Government Policy & Legislative and Economic condition Risks 4p of marketing from Islamic perspective Strategy in developing country Strategy in developed country Use Profile of winner Fashion from Islamic Perspective – from Al-Quran Fashion from Islamic Perspective from Al-Quran Fashion from Islamic Perspective – from Al-Quran Summary To move Muslim consumer from trial to preference , Islamic fashion marketing need to deliver on their value proposition . Religion, Design and Material are the most three important factors to be considered in generating Islamic Fashion marketing strategies for companies. In addition, Islamic Fashion Marketers should pay attention to these three major attributes in all of the producing steps if they want to attract and capture women Muslim segment.Alireza Miremadi, Samira Iran, MarjanShadafza & FereshteMoshiri(2011) Recommendations †¢Designing and Preparing clothes with HALAL materials(based on Islamic rules) †¢Using HALAL logo for their advertisements †¢Insert the stick of HALAL logo with Halal Material on their clothes †¢Considering the Islamic rules while making the Islamic clothes †¢Synchronize world fashion with Islamic rule to sustain and attractive Muslim women and shift it from Niche market to mass market. Pay attention to cultural values and norms while making a clothes One could summarize it by stating that Muslim consumers appear to seek thre e major kinds of benefits from Islamic fashion marketing, Religion, Design, Materials, furthermore there should be significant promotion or advertisement activity to boost Islamic fashion inside and outside the country or overall throughout the Islamic world. Alireza Miremadi, Samira Iran, MarjanShadafza & FereshteMoshiri(2011)